Hydraulic design begins with use, not pipe diameter. Each independent water body receives a calculation schedule recording volume, surface area, depths, activity, temperature, design bathing load, turnover period, circulation rate, feature flows and every operating mode.
Establish bathing load
The design team calculates spatial capacity and treatment capacity separately, then adopts the lower operating value. Entry control, booking systems or supervision keep the facility within the approved number. Daily attendance is recorded so the operator can compare real use with treatment performance.
Calculate turnover and flow
Turnover period equals pool volume divided by circulation flow. The selected period reflects pool type, depth, activity, temperature and loading. PWTAG's July 2025 Code of Practice provides the following reference ranges; the project team confirms the adopted value against local requirements and the complete treatment design.
| Pool type | PWTAG reference turnover | MAZACURE design focus |
|---|---|---|
| 50 m competition | 3–4 hours | Uniform lane conditions and verified full-volume mixing |
| Public pool up to 25 m | 2.5–3 hours | Peak load and continuous treatment |
| Domestic pool | 4–8 hours | Actual use, temperature and automation |
| Teacher or learner pool | 30–90 minutes | Shallow depth and concentrated load |
| Hydrotherapy pool | 30–90 minutes | Warm water and user profile |
| Commercial spa | 6 minutes | High temperature and low water volume |
| Domestic spa | 15 minutes | Fast recovery after use |
| Interactive feature | 20 minutes | Aerosol and child-use pattern |
Design the complete hydraulic circuit
- Surface withdrawal collects the concentrated waterline load.
- Inlets deliver treated water through every active zone.
- Outlet quantity, spacing and velocity follow the adopted entrapment-control standard.
- Pipe sizes maintain stable suction and delivery conditions.
- Balance tanks accept bather displacement, surge and channel flow.
- Flowmeters verify normal circulation and filter backwash.
- Isolation, drainage and test points make every component serviceable.
Prove distribution
Every new vessel is dye tested during commissioning. The observed movement confirms inlet orientation, mixing, surface collection and the absence of stagnant zones. The test is repeated after hydraulic alterations. Commissioned flows, pump settings and valve positions become controlled operating data.
Applied reference set
This chapter is read with the complete MAZACURE standard, current project requirements and the source organisations listed in the book’s reference foundations.